Free Access

Table IV.

Mean values and standard error of the mean (SEM) of daily milk yield (kg·cow−1·d−1), total fat (g·100 g−1 w/w), and fatty acid concentrations (g·100 g−1 FAME) in Alpine milk from cows grazing Festuca nigrescens (F) and Trifolium alpinum (T) pastures, and for experimental period (P1 and P2). (n = 12.)

F T P1 P2 SEM1 Pasture2 Period2
Daily milk yield 15.31 14.17 15.23 14.16 0.50 NS NS
Total fat 4.24 4.00 4.32 3.92 0.04 NS NS
C4:0 2.81 2.77 2.83 2.75 0.04 NS NS
C6:0 1.77 1.59 1.73 1.63 0.03 ** +
C8:0 1.04 0.91 1.03 0.91 0.06 *** **
C10:0 2.12 1.81 2.09 1.83 0.06 *** ***
C12:0 2.59 2.26 2.54 2.31 0.01 *** ***
C13:0 0.08 0.11 0.09 0.09 0.18 + NS
C14:0 10.17 9.33 9.44 10.06 0.05 *** ***
C14:1 1.72 1.53 1.50 1.74 0.11 * **
C15:0 1.31 1.78 1.31 1.77 0.40 ** **
C16:0 27.81 26.42 26.26 27.97 0.05 * **
C16:1 1.82 1.82 1.95 1.69 0.06 NS **
C17:0 0.77 1.14 0.88 1.02 0.02 *** **
C17:1 0.29 0.41 0.36 0.33 0.10 *** NS
C18:0 10.82 11.21 11.07 10.96 0.04 + NS
C18:1 n-9 24.34 26.89 26.73 24.49 0.00 *** ***
t11-C18:1 3.66 3.54 3.57 3.63 0.01 NS NS
Σ t-C18:1 without t11-C18:1 0.31 0.30 0.29 0.33 0.52 NS *
C18:2 n-6 2.82 2.79 2.83 2.78 0.06 NS NS
c9t11-CLA 1.59 1.59 1.54 1.64 0.04 NS NS
C18:3 n-6 0.25 0.26 0.24 0.27 0.01 NS NS
C18:3 n-3 1.46 1.02 1.24 1.24 0.07 *** NS
C20:1 0.19 0.22 0.18 0.23 0.01 + *
C20:3 n-6 0.13 0.19 0.16 0.17 0.02 + NS
C20:3 n-3 0.16 0.12 0.12 0.16 0.01 + +
Σ SFA3 61.27 59.32 59.28 61.31 0.45 *** ***
Σ MUFA4 32.32 34.71 34.58 32.44 0.50 *** ***
Σ PUFA5 6.41 5.97 6.13 6.25 0.10 * NS
Σ UFA6 38.73 40.68 40.72 38.69 0.45 *** ***
Σ short chain FA 10.32 9.33 10.22 9.43 0.53 ** **
Σ medium chain FA 43.87 42.42 41.71 44.58 0.54 * ***
Σ long chain FA 45.73 48.14 47.98 45.89 0.50 ** **
Σ n-3 1.62 1.14 1.37 1.39 0.07 *** NS
Σ n-6 3.20 3.24 3.22 3.22 0.06 NS NS
Σ n-6/Σ n-3 1.99 2.87 2.41 2.45 0.15 *** NS
C14:1/C14:0 0.17 0.16 0.16 0.17 0.21 NS *
1

Standard error of the mean.

2

Statistical significance: NS: P > 0.1; +: P ≤ 0.10; *P ≤ 0.05; **P ≤ 0.01; ***P ≤ 0.001.

3

C4:0, C6:0, C8:0, C10:0, C12:0, C13:0, C14:0, C15:0, C16:0, C17:0, C18:0.

4

C14:1, C16:1, C17:1, C18:1 n-9, Σ t-C18:1, C20:1.

5

C18:2 n-6, c9t11-CLA, C18:3 n-6, C18:3 n-3, C20:3 n-6, C20:3 n-3.

6

C14:1, C16:1, C17:1, C18:1 n-9, Σ t-C18:1, C18:2 n-6, c9t11-CLA, C18:3 n-6, C18:3 n-3, C20:1, C20:3 n-6, C20:3 n-3.

7

C4:0, C6:0, C8:0, C10:0, C12:0.

8

C13:0, C14:0, C14:1, C15:0, C16:0, C16:1, C17:0, C17:1.

9

C18:0, C18:1 n-9, Σ t-C18:1, C18:2 n-6, c9t11-CLA, C18:3 n-6, C18:3 n-3, C20:1, C20:3 n-6, C20:3 n-3.

10

C18:3 n-3, C20:3 n-3.

11

C18:2 n-6, C18:3 n-6, C20:3 n-6.